Corneal Dystrophy
Corneal Dystrophy
Corneal dystrophy and corneal degeneration are diseases of the cornea characterized by white, opaque mineral (either cholesterol or calcium) deposits within the cornea. Although these affected areas can be highly visible, they rarely cause blindness.
What's really going on
Corneal dystrophy may be an inherited trait in several breeds, including the Shetland Sheepdog, Siberian Husky, Beagle, American Cocker Spaniel, Miniature Schnauzer, and Airedale Terrier. Corneal dystrophy affects both eyes and occurs in dogs of any age. It has been reported to occur in dogs with high levels of cholesterol or calcium in their blood.
Corneal degeneration can affect one or both eyes, and may occur in areas of the cornea that have suffered a traumatic incident or chronic disease process. It is not an uncommon finding at the center of the cornea in geriatric patients.
Corneal dystrophy and corneal degeneration can lead to corneal ulcers, ocular infections, and corneal scarring and vascularization arising from continuous sloughing of the mineral deposits. Severe cases can cause visual impairment.
How a specialist helps
Our goal in treating corneal dystrophy and corneal degeneration with topical medication is to improve the health of normal cells overlying the corneal minerals. We may also treat these diseases through dietary management. Some patients may be candidates for treatment with a topical acid treatment (TCA), which helps to dissolve the mineral. In cases of severe progression and discomfort, we can remove the mineral deposits through superficial keratectomy, a surgery in which the outer layer of the cornea and the mineral is removed.